On-Chain Forensic Analysis

Anatomy of a Wash: How AIsa Faked x402 Dominance

On March 11, 2026, a company calling itself "Visa for AI" tweeted that the top x402 servers are "memecoin pump-and-dump." We traced their on-chain activity. Here's what we found: 24 relayer bots that are Polygon's official facilitator, 4.5 million fake transfers, $3,050 of USDC going in circles, a governance subsidy co-authored by the same Polygon employee who submitted the addresses, and a total cost of $5,718 to fake it all.

Published March 12, 2026 · All data independently verifiable on Blockscout & Polygonscan
Infrastructure map: MetaSleuth interactive graph
Scroll

The Tweet

This looks like a neutral question from an industry observer. It's not. The account belongs to AIsa (AIPay, Inc.), a VC-backed company that claims to be the "#1 server" on x402 with "10.5 million transactions." They weren't on the leaderboard that day. Their 24 relayer bots — the same 24 addresses listed in Polygon's official facilitator documentation — had just been topped up with the largest MATIC deployment in the operation's history two days prior. And new sweep infrastructure was deployed hours before the tweet.

So who is this company?

Who Is AIsa?

A pre-seed startup that raised from Draper Associates by positioning as x402 infrastructure — then pivoted away from x402 while publicly undermining it.

Company

AIsa (AIPay, Inc.)

Founded Jan 2025 in San Francisco by Jordan Liu (ex-UXUY, serial founder) and Joel Lian. Positions as "Visa for AI." Actual product: an LLM API reseller with Stripe billing and a Twitter scraper behind x402 paywall.

Funding

Pre-Seed — Oct 2025

Led by Draper Associates (Tim Draper). Investors include Fenbushi Capital (Shen Bo), BoostVC (Adam Draper). AIsa went through Draper/BoostVC's BitcoinFi Accelerator before the raise.

GitHub

10 Repos. 10 Commits. Zero Payment Code.

The entire GitHub org (AIsa-team) has 2 followers. Every repo is a single-commit dump. No x402 SDK, no facilitator code, no escrow contracts. The "awesome-aisa" repo is a README with one line: # awesome-aisa.

Narrative

Jordan Liu Personally Invested in x402

The founder authored a 3,000-word essay on 36kr — "HTTP 402 and Micropayments: The 30-Year-Dormant Code Revives in the AI Era" — positioning AIsa as "the key to HTTP 402." Published October 3, right before the pre-seed close. Their Notion whitepaper includes a leftover ChatGPT editing artifact in the published text.

But the story they told kept changing.

The Shapeshifter

Three protocol narratives in seven months. The technology story changed depending on who was in the room.

JUN 2025
To Bitcoin VCs: "Powered by Lightning Network"
BitcoinFi Accelerator (Draper/BoostVC). Handle: @visaforai. No mention of x402 anywhere.
OCT 3, 2025
Jordan Liu authors x402 thought leadership on 36kr
"HTTP 402 and Micropayments: The 30-Year-Dormant Code Revives in the AI Era." 3,000 words positioning AIsa as "the key to HTTP 402." Published right before the pre-seed close.
OCT 2025
To crypto VCs: "AgentPayWall-402 based on x402/L402"
Pre-seed closes. Claims partnerships with Visa, Circle, Stripe, PayPal, JPMorgan. None confirmed reciprocally.
NOV 7, 2025
Sponsors Solana x402 Hackathon — "$5,000 in AI resources"
The prize is free API credits on their own platform, costing them nothing. Jordan: "AI agents are becoming a new type of user on the internet."
NOV 10–28, 2025
"Top Server. 10.5M transactions. 15.9% of ecosystem."
Three press releases on ChainCatcher in three weeks. Each name-drops Draper Associates, BoostVC, and Shen Bo. Their own article says "transaction count rather than transaction amount is the key indicator."
DEC 2025 – FEB 2026
x402 ecosystem collapses 92%
Daily txns: 731K → 57K. Multiple independent analysts note "gamed transactions." Artemis starts filtering.
JAN 28, 2026
The pivot: "Alternative to x402-based payments"
AIsaEscrow wins 2nd at Circle/Google hackathon. Their own GlobeNewsWire press release describes it as "designed as an alternative to fiat and x402-based payments."
MAR 11, 2026
The tweet — "x402 top servers are memecoin launchpads"
Same day: deploys new sweep infrastructure on Polygon. Not on the leaderboard. Their own founding press release lists "cross-DEX arbitrage" and "intelligent yield farming" as use cases.
Lightning Network for Bitcoin VCs. x402 for the pre-seed. "Alternative to x402" for the pivot. Three protocol narratives in seven months. The technology changed. The ambition didn't: raise money, claim dominance, move on.

So we followed the money.

We Started at the PayTo Address

We started at the one address where AIsa receives all its x402 payments. Then we asked: who sends money there? Who funds those senders? Who funds those funders? Each hop revealed another layer — ghost wallets, a USDC recycling loop, a custom token, a smart wallet factory, 24 relayer bots that turned out to be Polygon's official facilitator, and a governance proposal to make the whole thing free.

Here's what we found when we added it all up:

0
Facilitator Bots
0
Total Transactions
0
MATIC Burned (Gas)
0
Total Cost (at $0.099)
0
Every Single Transfer
0
USDC Recycled in Loop

The Machine

One funder address — 0x89ab9dc912526c573D...9BbD6 — holds a custom token called POLYGON402, and is the sole source of gas for 24 relayer bots. Nobody else has ever funded them.

Relayer Scaling Over Time

The funder topped up relayer bots in batches, scaling from 1 to 23 active bots over 5 months:

DateBots FundedMATIC EachTotal MATICContext
Oct 30, 202511010First relayer seeded. Same day POLYGON402 deployed.
Nov 5, 20251390390First serious gas budget. 3 days before addresses committed to Polygon repo.
Jan 5–7, 2026398–1,999~4,296Scaling begins.
Feb 2, 202691,999~17,991Post-January wash wave documented by independent researchers.
Feb 18, 2026151,999~29,9858 days after independent research publishes wash analysis
Mar 9, 2026233,999~91,9772 days before the tweet. Largest single deployment.
9 Vanity Collection Addresses

Ghost wallets send $0.01 to 9 collection addresses, all starting with 0x66f. Odds of that happening randomly: 1 in 1029. Eight of nine also share the suffix ec8. These were mined on purpose.

Collection AddressTransfers
0x66FA4D79cA84016b42352BE33C908Dd812952Ec84,026,247
0x66f3c28336873e1FE99F669B1703DC4DC18b9ec8188,780
0x66fBF371C75713Fe73d0a7EFa43961A869892EC897,089
+ 6 more identified (counter lag on recent addresses). Combined confirmed: 4,312,116+
POLYGON402: The Breadcrumb

On October 30, 2025 — the same day the first relayer was seeded — a custom ERC-20 token called POLYGON402 was deployed on Polygon. Four wallets minted it. One of them is 0x89ab — the funder of all 24 facilitator bots. The deployer was funded by a genesis wallet whose only transaction ever was sending 140 MATIC. The chain: genesis → deployer → token → funder → 24 relayers. It's the breadcrumb that links the entire operation to a single origin point.

Technical: Reverse-Engineered ABI Details

We recovered the ABI from creation bytecode before the contract was destroyed: 45 function selectors, 38 resolved, 7 unique. Functions include mintFree, batchMintFree, mintPaid, batchMintPaid, MARKETING_PERCENTAGE, transferMarketingTokens, and allocation tracking (FREE_MINT_SUPPLY, PAID_MINT_SUPPLY). We searched GitHub for this combination — zero matches anywhere. This is custom code. The deployer (0x87162c...A07C) was funded by a genesis wallet (0xBfdd97...c15E) whose only transaction was sending 140 MATIC. Token contract: 0x5845b7F4...c57dB (destroyed).

Infrastructure Flow
Funder
0x89ab9dc9...9BbD6
POLYGON402 holder Sole gas source
MATIC top-ups
91,977 MATIC (Mar 9)
Bot 1
193K txns
Bot 2
185K txns
Bot 3
174K txns
... 21 more
transferWithAuthorization
$0.01 USDC each
Ghost Wallets
0 txns, 0 token transfers each
Smart wallet factory Thousands deployed
$0.01 × millions
PayTo (Collection)
0x66FA...2Ec8 (+8 vanity addresses)
4.3M+ transfers received All $0.01 USDC
sweepAll (474 calls)
Supplier / Recycler
0x897720...BbAb8
$3,050 loops back Re-distributes to ghosts
$3,050 recycled → funds new ghosts → repeat

But then we checked who else uses these exact 24 addresses.

The Loop

The USDC doesn't leave the system. It goes in a circle. We traced every leg.

Observed $3,050 Recycling Events
#DateAmountFromTo
1Jan 20, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
2Jan 21, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
3Jan 27, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
4Jan 30, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
5Feb 15, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
6Mar 3, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
7Mar 3, 2026$3,0500x66f3 (secondary)Supplier
8Mar 8, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
9Mar 11, 2026$3,0500x66FA (payTo)Supplier
10Mar 11, 2026$3,0500x66fB (secondary)Supplier
$3,050 of USDC in circles. 4.5 million transactions. $5,718 in gas.
The MATIC price at time of verification: $0.0989 (CoinGecko). The gas figure is exact: 57,820 MATIC burned, calculated from the balance sheet across all 24 relayer wallets.

The addresses running this operation aren't random. They're official.

The Polygon Connection

We compared the 24 relayer addresses funded by 0x89ab to the 24 addresses listed in Polygon's official x402 facilitator documentation. They are the same addresses. All 24.

GitHub

Submitted by a Polygon Employee

On November 8, 2025, Akshat Gada (LinkedIn: "DevRel At Polygon") committed the 24 addresses to the x402facilitators package. Commit message: "feat: add Polygon facilitator with 24 addresses." Bruno Skvorc (@Swader, GitHub company: @0xpolygon) merged it.

Vanity Paired

17 Shadow Addresses

For 17 of the 24 facilitator addresses, there exists a shadow address with the exact same 4-character prefix AND 4-character suffix — but different middle bytes. 17/17 match. These shadow addresses sent 0-value transactions to the funder on the same days as major MATIC top-ups. They were generated in the same vanity mining batch as the facilitator addresses. Same tooling, same operator.

The 25th Address

One Address Wasn't in the Docs

The funder sent MATIC to 25 addresses total. 24 appear in Polygon's facilitator documentation. The 25th — 0x3ef57def668054dD...f104F — received only 1 MATIC. It's not in the facilitator docs. We didn't know what it was. Until we read the governance proposal.

Two days after independent research was published documenting that these transactions were gamed, Polygon proposed paying for them.

The Subsidy

PIP-82: "Agentic Commerce Gas Program." A governance proposal to redirect up to $1 million in Polygon network fees to subsidize gas for the 24 facilitator addresses.

Timing

Posted 2 Days After "Is it GAMED?"

Independent research documenting 30 wallets sending 1.93M transactions of $0.01 USDC to AIsa's address was published on February 10, 2026. PIP-82 was posted on February 12, 2026. It was bolted onto PIP-81 (the Lisovo hardfork) after the hardfork was already specified. 326 forum views. 3 community responses. One commenter called it "bad" and a "bribe." It passed and was activated March 4.

The Burn Recipient

The 25th Address

PIP-82 redirects Polygon's EIP-1559 base fees to a new address: 0x3ef57def668054dD750BD260526105C4EEEf104F. This is the 25th address funded by 0x89ab — the one that wasn't in Polygon's facilitator docs. The same entity that deployed the wash infrastructure created the address that the protocol's fee redistribution now routes through.

The justification cites the activity it rewards. PIP-82's abstract states: "Polygon has become one of the leading chains in Agentic Commerce, attracting 20.3% of x402 transactions." Independent analysis documented that 91.8% of Polygon's x402 activity during the January wave came from 30 coordinated wallets sending $0.01 to AIsa's address. The proposal says the address list "will be updated as new facilitators are added" — but as of March 12, no other facilitator has been added. Only these 24.

Deploy. Run. Tweet. Destroy.

The Ghost Factory

On March 11, two smart contracts were deployed, used, and destroyed within hours. Their bytecode — the code that reveals how the ghost wallets were created and controlled — is gone. We recovered the function signatures before the code disappeared.

Both contracts return empty from eth_getCode. The sweep dispatcher (0x4F92749B) and the POLYGON402 token (0x5845b7F4) were wiped via selfdestruct. The code that managed the ghost wallets, tracked ownership, and authorized sweeps no longer exists on-chain. But the creation transactions are permanent — and that's where we found the signatures.
Why Smart Wallets

Why Not Regular Wallets?

A regular wallet requires its private key holder to sign every transaction. To collect funds from 10,000 regular wallets, you need 10,000 keys and 10,000 signatures. A smart wallet deployed by a factory has built-in authority — the factory owner calls sweepAll and drains any wallet it created, without needing that wallet's key. The ghost wallets never initiate transactions themselves. USDC leaves via transferWithAuthorization (facilitator submits). USDC and MATIC return via sweepAll (factory owner triggers). The ghost wallet is entirely passive on-chain.

The tools were used and discarded. The wallets they created — and the transactions those wallets generated — are permanent.

March 11: The Exit

Deploy infrastructure. Run it. Tweet. Destroy the tools. Here's what happened on March 11, 2026, in order.

Time (UTC)Event
00:20$6,100 USDC recycled (2 × $3,050 from collection addresses to supplier)
05:57$33M whale wallet 0x1347378B sends 1,000 MATIC to intermediary
06:02Intermediary sends 10 MATIC to sweep operator 0xd9a50DB1
06:03Sweep dispatcher contract deployed (TX)
06:04–13:13469 sweepAll calls on 3 smart wallets — collecting USDC + MATIC
15:14–15:185 batch dispatcher calls through factory-generated wallets
~16:12@AIsaOneHQ tweets: "x402 top servers are memecoin launchpads"
After tweetDispatcher contract bytecode wiped (selfdestruct)
After tweetPOLYGON402 token bytecode confirmed wiped
The Whale

$33 Million Upstream

The sweep infrastructure traces back to 0x1347378B1d0Eb69d...ebE74eC — a wallet holding $20.7M USDT, $7.7M USDC, $5.0M USDC.E, and 211,794 MATIC. 46,887 transactions, 181,595 token transfers — all on Polygon, zero on any other chain. No public label on any explorer. It distributes MATIC and stablecoins to dozens of sub-wallets daily. Its Polygon-only activity, massive stablecoin holdings, and pattern of funding operational sub-wallets is consistent with a Polygon-native operational treasury.

The Complete Picture

A company and a blockchain coordinated to inflate a metric. The company used that metric to raise money and claim market leadership. The blockchain used it to compete with a rival chain and justify a million-dollar subsidy. Then the company publicly trashed the ecosystem it helped inflate, while the machine it built keeps running on autopilot — funded, subsidized, and generating numbers for a leaderboard nobody's checking.

Infrastructure Map

Every node is a verified on-chain address. Every edge is a verified transaction.

AIsa wash trading infrastructure — complete flow map
Event Timeline

Five parallel tracks from June 2025 to March 2026: token setup, facilitator infrastructure, AIsa press, Polygon governance, USDC cycle.

AIsa x402 complete event timeline

For interactive exploration, trace the funder address on MetaSleuth.

Don't trust this report. Check the chain.

Verify It Yourself

Don't trust this report. Check the chain. Every address, commit, and document below is public.

On-Chain Addresses
RoleAddress / LinkWhat to Check
AIsa PayTo0x66FA4D79cA84016b42352BE33C908Dd812952Ec84M+ token transfers, all $0.01 USDC
Funder (POLYGON402)0x89ab9dc912526c573D630D6342F46d0522d9BbD6Outbound txns: 24 relayers funded with MATIC
Top Relayer0x971b4079A618F72Fa0F1792b07ed5923dfBF3500193K+ txns, all transferWithAuthorization
USDC Supplier0x897720c5b19f93F3194990D0121d3a64783BbAb8Incoming: $3,050 refills from payTo. Outgoing: $100 per ghost.
PIP-82 Burn Recipient0x3EF57dEf668054dD750BD260526105C4EEEf104FThe 25th address. 1 MATIC from funder.
Sweep Operator0xd9a50DB1e4644cA643296e60b0b195A714E41901474 txns, all March 11 (tweet day)
Dispatcher Contract0x4F92749B1CF0814ea31548969B5084937a816AfdUnverified contract, deployed March 11
POLYGON402 Token0x5845b7F431d004615e6C69F4cF43663cBF8c57dBCustom token. 28K supply, 3 holders.
Token Deployer0x87162cB0E3B0869ee7A87e739Ed444Ba8f22A07C8 txns Oct 29–Nov 1, then silent forever.
Genesis Funder0xBfdd97a6DbaF3284354D0F450F3E424f6F30c15E1 tx ever. 150 MATIC untouched.
PayTo (Base)0x66FA4D79cA84016b42352BE33C908Dd812952Ec831.5M token transfers on Base, same address.
Public Documents
DocumentLink
Polygon Facilitator Docs (24 addresses)docs.polygon.technology
GitHub Commit Adding 24 AddressesSwader/x402facilitators commit
PIP-82 Governance Proposalforum.polygon.technology
Akshat Gada LinkedInlinkedin.com
MetaSleuth Interactive Graphmetasleuth.io
AIsa GitHub Orggithub.com/AIsa-team

How to Reproduce This Analysis

1. Go to the PayTo token transfers on Polygonscan. Note: all $0.01 USDC, dozens of unique senders.

2. Click any sender address. Note: 0 transactions, 0 token transfers. Ghost wallets.

3. Pick a transfer TX → check the gas payer (From field). That's a relayer bot. Note: 100K+ transactions.

4. Check the relayer's incoming txns. Follow the MATIC funding to the funder. Note: it funds 24 bots.

5. Check the funder's token holdings. Note: POLYGON402 token, 3 holders.

6. Compare the 24 funded addresses to Polygon's facilitator docs. They are the same 24 addresses.

7. Read PIP-82. Note the authors. Note the burn recipient address. Note the date (2 days after published wash analysis).